“Res Gestae of Augustus,” wall architecture, from Ankyra, Turkey, with inscription (dated to 1st c. AD) Writing: Greek; made of stone, with inscription (Archaic period) (now at Epigraphical Museum, Athens) Letter, made of papyrus, with ink Coin: Reverse of Sestertius, Flavian Amphitheater (Colosseum); from Rome (Flavian period, dated to AD 80-81) Coin: Early Roman Collection (Republican period) Sculpture: Roman couple; used as tomb Painting: Woman with stylus “Arch of Diocletian,” architecture: Victory with trophy; from Rome (dated to AD 293-94) View of site of Roman Forum: Roman Forum Panorama Temple architecture, from Temple of Divine Romulus, Rome Excavations: By Boni; from Roman Forum (Iron Age period) Aerial view of site of Piazza Navona, Rome (Modern period) Aerial view of site of Pompeii: Forum and surroundings (Modern period) Map of Mediterranean basin Map of Italian peninsula Map of Italian peninsula: Ancient City-names Altar from Lavinium) “Mt. Vesuvius,” natural phenomenon: View past excavations; from Pompeii (Modern period) Map of Italy: Pre-Roman burial customs (Iron Age period) Hut-urn burial from Latium; from Latium (Iron Age period) Map of Italy: Pre-Roman languages (Iron Age period) Map of Latium: Pre-historic trade routes (Iron Age period) Map of Latium (Iron Age period) Map of Rome: Topography Map of Rome: Cemeteries (Iron Age period) Fibula jewelry: Etruscan ceremonial; from Regolini-Galassi Tomb, Caere, made of gold (Orientalizing period, dated to 650-640 BC; now at Vatican, Museo Gregoriano Etrusco) Vase painting: Blinding of Polyphemus; in Black-Figure style Vase painting: Odysseus and the Sirens; in Red-figure style (Classical period) “Odysseus,” in-the-round sculpture, from Sperlonga Vase painting: Herakles killing snakes Vase painting: Herakles and Stymphalian birds (one of his twelve labors); made of clay, in Black-Figure style Vase painting: Herakles fighting Geryon Vase painting, on Pelike, by Pan Painter: Herakles and Busiris; from Boeotia “Temple of Hercules,” temple architecture, from Forum Boarium, Rome (Republican period) “Farnese Hercules,” statue sculpture “Commodus,” bust sculpture: As Hercules; used as portrait, made of marble (Antonine period) Drawing of vase painting: Aeneas carrying Anchises Vase painting: Diomedes and Aeneas; in Red-figure style “Ara Pacis Augustae,” relief sculpture: Precinct Detail: Aeneas; from Rome (Augustan period, dated to 13-9 BC) Coin: Reverse: Wolf suckling Romulus & Remus (Republican period) “The Capitoline Wolf,” statue sculpture: She-Wolf with suckling Romulus and Remus; made of bronze (Roman period, dated to early 5th c. BC)